GREY WATER RECYCLING SYSTEMS: A STUDY OF ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS IN RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL PROJECTS
DEBASIS SARKAR AND MITUL S. SHAH
Greywater is the household wastewater which has not been contaminated by toilet discharge water and thus includes wastewater from bathtubs, showers, bathroom washbasins, clothes washing machines, sinks and laundry tubs. Greywater recycling is a component of sustainable green building technology which eases the problem of scanty water supply in residential and commercial buildings. Affordability of such technologies has always been a contentious issue amongst the middle income group in India. In this paper an attempt has been made to analyze the affordability and potential applications of such systems in Indian context considering the life cycle cost and benefit cost analysis of such technologies which are strong decision making tools for the feasibility judgment of such technologies.
Grey water, Recycling systems, Affordable technology, Life cycle cost
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Research Articles
EFFECT OF SHAPE AND SIZE ON MODIFIED RECTANGULAR R.C.C
COLUMNS STRENGHTHENED USING FRPC WRAPS
PIYUSH S. ADMANE
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites have become a primary
choice for strengthening buildings and bridge components because
of their high strength to weight ratio and stiffness-to-weight
ratios, ease of application, cost effectiveness and such other
salient traits. Polymer modified concrete is very much suitable for
repairs and rehabilitation of damaged RCC structures because of
its excellent moisture resisting property and high early strength.
Though the FRP has become more effective for retrofitting but
polymer modified concrete is being widely used for cost effectiveness.
This paper focus on elliptically modified FRP wrapped rectangular
column and Comparison of experimental results with analytical
values calculated as per ACI 440.2R-08.
The UN Conference on Environment and Development, 1992 under
its Agenda 21 emphasized upon sustainable development in the
field of construction for bringing down the energy level embodied
in and associated with production of building materials. This of
course means to lowering consumption of energy. The cost-effective
together with environment-effective construction technologies have
to emerge as the most acceptable and sustainable technologies
in India and abroad. Walls made of rat trap bond are one of the
labour intensive, eco-friendly and cost effective construction technologies
getting popularity in India in spite of lack of awareness in common
public as well as inhibition in professionals. This paper is an
attempt to show how safe rat trap bond walls are. In this paper,
the strength of rat trap bond walls made of bricks of class 7.5
and 5 have been compared with conventional walls i.e wall having
English bonds. It is found that rat trap bond in 7.5 and 5 class
bricks wall fulfill not only the strength requirements of the code
but are economical too. The strengths have been compared with
that of Conventional English wall.
Rat Trap, Cost effective, Strength
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Research Articles
STUDY ON DURABILITY OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE WITH INDUSTRIAL WASTES
PAZHANI K. C. AND JEYARAJ R.
Long-term performance of structures has become vital to the economies of all nations. Concrete has been the major instrument for providing stable and reliable Infrastructure. Deterioration, long term poor performance, and inadequate resistance to hostile environment, coupled with greater demands for more sophisticated architectural form, led to the accelerated research into the microstructure of cements and concretes and more elaborate codes and standards. As a result, innovative supplementary materials and composites have been developed. On the other side, India had an enormous growth in the steel and copper industries. The following are major by products from these industries: (i) Copper Slag - A by product of copper refinery (ii) Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) - A by product of the manufacture of iron in steel industry. If they are not disposed off properly, they may cause environmental hazards to the surrounding area. Considering the long term performance and stability of structures, in this study, it is planned to replace some percentage of fine aggregate with copper slag and some percentage of cement with GGBS to develop High Performance Concrete. This paper presents an experimental investigation to assess the durability parameters of High Performance Concrete with the industrial wastes. Durability parameters such as water absorption and chloride penetration are to be studied.
Road accidents have been a major cause of deaths in India. Fatality rate on Indian roads in the last three decades has increased at faster rate than developed countries. Vulnerable road users are pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorized two-wheeler riders who account for about 60-90% of all traffic fatalities. This article reviews the key features of road traffic accidents on Indian roads and discusses various measures helpful in mitigating the increasing road accidents.
Need for a speedy, safe, comfortable and
economic travel has led to the development
of the concept of unidirectional multi-lane
traffic carriageways separated by a central
divider with full access control. Such facility
is commonly known as "Expressway". It is
well known that, several developed countries
like USA, UK, Japan and developing counties
like China, Thailand, Malaysia, etc. have
constructed E-ways and are reaping the
benefits of faster and safer travel. A properly
designed and constructed network of e-ways
also helps to meet national defence needs
and faster movement of armed and other
Para military forces in case of emergency
situation. The concept of the e-ways in India,
has been included for the first time in our
1981-2001 Road Development Plan. But, it
is yet to pick up pace as at present the
network spans only about 684 km against
the target length of about 1,000 km till
the end of 20th century. Taking a cue from
best practice, the Government has now
formulated plans for development of an
extensive e-way network of over 18,000 km
by 2022. The paper presents an overview
of the e-way development in India.
Expressway (E-way), Development, Infrastructure, Mobility and safety
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Research Articles
GREEN CONCRETE - AN OVERVIEW
B. L. Rajput, Indrasen Singh
Among all the materials used by ConstructionIndustry in India, concrete is by far the mostwidely used construction material. Thetremendous growth in Construction Industryhas boosted the demand for concrete in India.The billions of tons of natural materials aremined and processed every year forproduction of concrete, which is bound toleave a substantial mark on the environment.The recycling of waste and industrial byproducts attracts an increasing interestworldwide to make concrete environmentalfriendly material.. The production and useof such waste materials will protect theenvironment from degradation. This paper summarizes the various studiesdone on use of recycling waste materialslike recycled concrete aggregates, use ofcrushed stone dust/quarry dust, waste glassand sewage incineration ash for producingconcrete as a sustainable constructionmaterial. The review describes how propertiesof fresh and hardened concrete will getaffected with the use of such waste materials.
Construction Industry; Environment; Recycling; Waste Materials
Research & Publications Department 