Critical Success Factors And Risk Factors For Implementation Of Public Private Partnership Model In Affordable Housing Segment In India
Bhumit Sanghavi , Ann Francis , Yogesh Soni , Prakalp Rai Saxena and Kaivan Visaria
This Paper aims to conduct a preliminary study on the critical success factors and critical risk factors associated with implementing Public Private Partnership (PPP) in Affordable housing in India; as perceived by the private developers in this segment and in the context of the draft policy issued for the same by the Government of India. The study tries to investigate about how this business model is received by the private players and what according to them would be attractive to doing business in this segment. The study summarises the various models proposed by the government for PPP in the affordable segment and tries to provide insights as to what are the future prospects of this business model.
Investigating Barriers To Constructability Improvement In The Indian Construction Industry
Ashish Goel , Ram Charan Pottem , Prathamesh Pinge and Charles Mathew
Past research has established the positive contribution of constructability improvement to project success in terms of time, cost and quality, especially for the Design Build (DB) procurement system. However, the literature also suggests that constructability improvement programs face multiple barriers at project and organisation levels, both from the client's and contractor's side. A review of constructability literature reveals the lack of studies conducted in the Indian context and the present research aims to fill this gap. In this research, an effort has been made to identify and analyse the most prominent barriers to constructability improvement prevalent in the Indian construction industry. In the first part, 46 barriers were identified through a literature review and ranked on the basis of a survey conducted among the construction contractors. Out of 46 barriers, 'lack of coordination between the design team and execution team during the design stage' was found to be the most important followed by 'No system for documentation of lessons learned' and 'no access to existing knowledge database'. The study also delved into the reasons for constructability barriers and found that 'poor inter-department communication and coordination' at the contractor's end was responsible for almost 25% of all constructability issues, followed by 'lack of management support (contractor)', 'lack of knowledge and skill in project team (contractor)' and 'lack of technology and resources (contractor)'. Thus, most of the constructability issues could be attributed to the contractor's management, their project personnel and resources. In the second part, a Constructability Review and Improvement (CRI) model is developed which integrates constructability improvement ideas during the design and construction phases of the project lifecycle. The model uses the tools and techniques already suggested in the reviewed literature and places emphasis on the deployment of a 'constructability champion' and a 'constructability review team' as the main drivers of the constructability improvement initiatives during the design and construction phases of a project.
Constructability; Project success; Construction management; Design-Build; India
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Research Articles
Critical Analysis Of The Success Factors Of Public- Private Partnership Projects In Kerala
Nivea Thomas and Anu V. Thomas
Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have been widely applied across the world to provide a sequence of important public services owing to the limited funds available with the governments for infrastructure development. Despite more and more successful operations of PPPs, some project failures are still reported in the literature like cost overruns, schedule overruns, and stakeholder dissatisfaction. Performance evaluation of PPP projects throughout the project lifecycle is necessary and there is an utmost need to identify the factors critical to the success of a project. A questionnaire survey was carried out in the state of Kerala to understand the success factors influencing PPPs and their underlying relationships. A total of 60 critical success factors were identified from the literature and by holding discussions with PPP practitioners. Among the 60 factors considered, 'selection of the right project' was identified as the most critical factor for success in PPP projects. Factor analysis was conducted to understand the underlying relationships among the factors. The factors were categorized into seven groups, namely, (1) stakeholder satisfaction; (2) technical and engineering structure; (3) project management framework; (4) partnership skills; (5) favourable environment; (6) client satisfaction and environmental analysis and (7) project selection. Further analysis indicates client satisfaction and environmental analysis as the most significant of all factors having negative influence on cost performance. The research findings will provide insights to PPP practitioners on factors contributing to the success of PPP projects and guide their efforts to achieve better project performance.
From Minimum To Zero: A Sustainable Transition In Formwork Management
Murali Jagannathan
The construction sector is fraught with materials that have adverse effects on sustainability in almost all major stages of its lifecycle viz., its sourcing, usage and disposal. In construction, the three such main raw materials that form the backbone are cement (concrete), wood (formwork) and steel (structural and reinforcement steel). Fortunately, there are sustained efforts to make concrete production and disposal more sustainable. Though steel production may not be environmentfriendly, its usage and disposal does not create any major wastage or disposal issues. Formwork in the form of timber or plywood, on the other hand, is a material that is not consumed in the process of construction, thereby ultimately resulting in a near 100% wastage upon its complete usage. The paper adopts the Waste Hierarchy Principle (WHP) framework for analyzing the various alternatives available in order to make the formwork activity sustainable. Under this framework, the paper reviews the existing formwork practices that can best replace the traditional wood and timber based formwork systems. It was observed that the 3D printing technology has the potential to completely eliminate the usage of formwork and could be the best alternative to the conventional formwork systems. The author opines that the analysis of the formwork systems from the sustainability point of view under an accepted framework (WHP) is the main contribution to the body of knowledge.
Formwork; Sustainable; Waste; Wood; Timber
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Research Articles
Study Of Cost Estimation Model For Plant Equipment: A Case Study Of Water Treatment Plant
P. M. Deshpande
In engineering project environment, cost estimation is required for different phases in project cycle for feasibility, detailed project report, tender bidding and contracting. The cost estimate is the most needed to take the decisions. A viable estimate should also be produced with consistent definitions and a repeatable estimating process is a need of engineering project cost estimation. This cost estimation should satisfy effort/cost, time schedule, risk and needs to be reliable. In engineering projects, the cost of plant and machinery is a major cost and varies from 40 to 65 percent of total project cost depending on the technology, automation and type of project. The parametric cost estimation model is the solution to satisfy the different needs of estimation. The parametric model for cost estimation based on equipment sizing and specification is an effective approach for cost estimation. The size of equipment is the result of the capacity of plant and this helps in estimating project cost for different plant capacities. Secondly, the engineering design information details are time dependent in project cycle; however, the estimation needs to be fairly accurate. The cost estimation based on parametric model is a solution for repetitive estimation in various project stages. This paper elaborates the principle and application of parametric model with the case study of water treatment plant.
Cost Estimation; Parametric model; Project cost
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Research Articles
Construction Delay Analysis: Findings From The State Of Maharashtra (India)
In almost every construction project, delay is an inevitable yet controllable phenomenon. The Indian construction industry encounters an enormous amount of delays in projects. Delays affect both the time and money in form of schedule and cost overruns respectively. Due to impressive and dynamic growth in the Indian construction sector, planned efforts are essential to limit these undesirable delays, which occur due to various reasons. On account of the surge in the rate of residential Building Construction, the task of identification and analysis of the delays in residential projects of Maharashtra (India) has been attempted by several authors. The aim of the research is to provide insight to the construction stakeholders and researchers. A questionnaire survey was administered for Maharashtra state involving 33 Contractors, 38 Consultants, and 29 Developers. The data analysis is performed by using Importance Index to rank the identified delays, Principle Component Analysis, and Correlation Analysis to check the extent of agreement amongst the stakeholders (i.e. contractors, consultants, and developers). The findings of this study revealed that the finance related issues, as well as labour related problems were the dominating causes of delays.
Residential projects; Construction delays; Importance index; Correlation analysis; Principal
component analysis
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Research Articles
Developing A Framework For Sustainability Ratings Of A Self-sufficient Eco Village
About 70% of the total population in India resides in villages and rural areas having workforce of around 51% which contributes about 17% to the nation's GDP. The objective of this paper is to determine the necessary set of infrastructure measures required for self-sustaining livelihood in the rural area in general. Our paper discusses the various parameters that a village must identify with, to become self-sustaining and eco-friendly. Literature review on the said subject helped us understand about the various schemes initiated by Government of India like Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana, and Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana etc. for converting underdeveloped villages into sustainable eco-villages. It also helped us understand the key factors that contribute to the making of a successful model village, i.e. committed leadership, full community involvement, consensual and participatory rule-making and strict enforcement. The research methodology adopted here is based on the field survey of some existing Indian model villages through actual site visits and questionnaire based data collection. Major conclusions were drawn after meeting and discussing with the Subject Matter Experts of Ralegan Siddhi (a model village), District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, including interaction with Shri. Anna Hazare. The sustainability rating parameters for a village and their relative importance were identified. The study will help analyze the gap in an Indian village between underdevelopment and sustainability, reasons for the gap and how to bridge the gap. The research work outcome is a framework for sustainability rating of a village and includes 13 rating parameters which are necessary for assessing a village in terms of self-sufficiency and eco-synergy.
Self-Sufficient; Eco-Friendly; Model Village; Sustainability Rating Framework; Rural Infrastructure
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Research Articles
Exploring The Critical Success Factors For Effective Stakeholder Engagement Of Public Private Partnership Projects In The Infrastructure Sector
Anand Lokhande
The growth in the infrastructure sector is one of the important levers of any country's progress. However, this cannot be achieved without large scale funding that is needed for these long gestation projects. The government relies on the ability of the private sector to invest in this sector through the mechanism of the public private partnership projects. The success of these projects is dependent on the ability of the private sector to provide financial support, higher level of skills, efficient and effective programme coordination and goal directed project management. Management of public private partnership projects needs special acumen and enhanced ability to interact with different stakeholders throughout the course of the project. These projects face a variety of challenges while engaging the stakeholders during different phases and therefore, it is imperative for the project manager to adopt suitable techniques to tackle them. The measure of success at every stage of the project is characterized by different factors. This paper focuses on the critical success factors related to stakeholder engagement in public private partnership projects in the infrastructure sector. The identification of these success factors will reveal the importance and their role in enabling effective stakeholder engagement. The study also deals with categorizing these success factors, based on various characteristics of public private partnership projects, like procurement process, risk allocation, sharing of authority between the two partners, commitment and responsibility of project delivery and transparency in communication; all leading to strong stakeholder engagement.
Project management; Stakeholder engagement; Public private partnership project
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Research Articles
An experimental Study On Self Compacting Concrete Using Super Absorbent Polymer
A. Mohanraj , V. Senthilkumar and S. Loganayagan
Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a type of concrete that gets compacted under its self-weight. SCC is a concrete that can be placed and compacted into every corner of a formwork; purely by means of its self-weight, eliminating the need of either external energy input from vibrators or any type of compacting effort. This paper discusses about Self-Compacting Self-Curing Concrete, which uses Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP) as a self-curing agent. There is a significant influence on the strength of the concrete because of internal curing using SAP. However, if the quantity of SAP added in the concrete exceeds the limit, it may lead to additional void formation in the concrete mass, which in turn would have a negative effect on the hardened concrete. This effect of SAP on concrete leads to improvement in workability and placing on concrete. This paper focuses on the physical properties of hardened SAP induced concrete, and compares them with ordinary M40 grade concrete. The concrete mix limits the percentage of superplastizer to 2 % and varies the percentage of SAP. Nearly 18 trials were carried out, from which the mix for M40 grade of concrete and percentage of SAP to be added is obtained. All the trials satisfied the workability tests specified in the European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete (EFNARC).
Super absorbent polymers; Superplastizer; Workability; Hardened property
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Carbon Nanotubes As A New Material In Construction Industry
Dakshayani Pramod Shete
Nano science and technology are spreading rapidly in the construction field due to their advantages in terms of reduction in self weight of members. Steel is used as a conventional method in RCC construction; however corrosion affects its durability. There is a new material which is being used at the experimental stage known as Carbon Nanotubes to avoid corrosion. This paper discusses and reviews the parameters of research which are carried using Carbon Nanotubes. Further, the paper discusses Carbon Nano-tubes as a construction material, its advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, a comparison is made between the conventional reinforcement material i.e. steel and Carbon Nanotubes usage in modern construction.
Research & Publications Department 