A STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION SAFETY PRACTICES IN BUILDINGS
DR. MIR IQBAL FAHEEM
SYED SALEEM BASHA
PROF. KHALIQUE M. A.
PROF. KALAM M. A.
The Indian construction industry is the second largest industry
after agriculture. It makes significant contribution to the national
economy and provides employment to large number of people. It
judiciously executes projects of mega scale making optimum use
of various project management techniques. In its path of advancement,
the industry has to overcome a number of challenges. One among
the major challenges includes regulation of safety practices towards
stacking and storage of materials, working with machinery, hazards
at work sites, erection, demolition, and reconstruction of structures
etc. As a result, there is a need for extensive study to investigate
the safety provisions being implemented by various construction
companies. In this paper, construction and fire safety regulations
including precautionary measures relevant to Indian standard codes,
contract documents and guidelines of Greater Hyderabad Municipal
Corporation (GHMC) is comprehensively reviewed and presented.
For illustration, a multi-storied public building and an educational
building located in Hyderabad metropolis is evaluated by comparing
the actual versus statutory safety provisions adopted by construction
companies. Based on site observations, it has been concluded that
only simple and selected construction and fire safety practices are
being implemented.
Construction industry, Safety practices and provisions, Construction
and fire safety, Buildings
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Research Articles
BRTS - WAY TO MANAGE URBAN TRANSPORTATION ISSUES IN INDIA
RANNDIL SHER JATINDER SINGH
India is the second most populous country in the world and home
to about 35 cities with population of more than 1 million. The
emerging traffic situation has resulted in alarming levels of congestion,
air pollution, noise, and traffic danger particularly in metro cities.
For most segments of the population, mobility and accessibility
have declined with time. Though public transport system like BRTS
has been initiated in many Indian cities but still is described as
old and poorly designed, inadequately maintained, dangerously
overcrowded, undependable, and slow. This paper highlights the
overall traffic issues in Indian context which demands public
transport system, especially BRTS as planning initiatives and identifies
the issues and realities of such initiatives in different Indian cities.
The prospect and importance of BRTS as a sustainable mass transit
system for Indian cities are also discussed. Guidelines are suggested
for probable successful planning and implementation of BRTS.
Urban Transportation, Public Transport, Road Safety, Infrastructure
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REVIEW OF MODEL CONCESSION AGREEMENT FOR HIGHWAY PROJECTS THROUGH PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
P. B. DONGRE
DR. P. H. SAWANT
Construction industry has grown manifold in last decade we have
seen numerous projects coming up and construction activities are
seen all over the India. We have been witnessing the involvement
of private parties in the government sector projects since last
decade. Nowadays government has been implementing majority of
its project on Public Private Partnership (PPP) basis. The various
variants for the PPP projects which have been implemented are
Built Operate Transfer (BOT), Built Own Operate & Transfer (BOOT),
Built Operate Lease & Transfer (BOLT), Design Built Finance &
Operate (DBFO) etc.
The author has made an attempt to analyze the model concession
agreement (MCA) in terms of various risks and guarantees for the
implementing agency as well as to the host government. Author
has conducted the interviews/discussions with some of the major
BOT operators & has tried to find out the changes required, if any
in the present concession agreement. Attempt has been made to
co-relate the same to the real time implementation of the projects
The model concession agreement along with the schedules forms
a robust agreement and addresses majorly all the risks and guarantees
that can hamper the progress of the work. Care has been taken
to make the proposal more and more attractive by introducing
various guarantees & allowing the concessionaire to make innovative
work. Despite of the robust Concession Agreement few changes
are suggested/required to make the document more implementable.
BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THANE REGION - AN OVERVIEW
REVATI N. BHOIR
DR. P. H. SAWANT
As per Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 1998,
it is defined as, "Bio-Medical Waste(BMW) means any waste which
is generated during the diagnosis ,treatment or immunization of
Human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining there
to or in the production or testing of biological and including
various categories".
The degree of attention paid to the management of a particular
type of solid waste generally is related to the potential impact
that, the waste may have on public health and on the environment.
One type of waste that offers challenges to waste managers
throughout the world is that generated by healthcare facilities .
Unscientific disposal of health care waste may be lead to the
transmission of communicable diseases such as gastro-enteric infections,
respiratory infections spreading through air, water and direct human
contact with the blood and infectious body fluids. These could
be responsible for transmission of Hepatitis B,C,E and AIDS within
the community.
Keeping in view, inappropriate disposal of Bio-Medical Waste, the
Ministry Of Environment and Forests notified the" Bio-Medical
Waste (Management and Handling) Rules,1998" in July. Before the
notification of Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules
1998, waste from houses, streets, shops, offices, industries and
hospitals was the responsibility of Municipal or Governmental
authorities but now it has become mandatory for hospitals, clinics,
other medical institutions and veterinary institutions to dispose of
biomedical waste as per law. As per the record available with
Maharashtra Pollution Control Board(MPCB), there are about 456
healthcare facilities in Thane region with 6107 beds generating of
Biomedical Waste about 0.125kg/day/bed.
EVALUATION OF USERS REQUIREMENT IN BUILDING USING VALUE ANALYSIS
PROF. A. C. ATTAR
DR. M. R. SHIYEKAR
Value is defined as the ratio of the benefit to the cost or the
function to the cost. Value can be increased either by increasing
the benefits or by decreasing the cost. Value engineering or value
analysis is a proven management technique using a systematized
approach to seek out the best functional balance between the
cost, reliability and performance of a product or project and thus
increasing the value of item or the product or building or reducing
the cost without sacrificing the function. It is a multidisciplinary
branch. The enormous growth of population, economy and privatization
has increased the infrastructural and building requirement in our
country. The construction cost of these infrastructural and building
is also increasing because of increase in cost of construction
materials. Architects also are giving more importance to the aesthetic
points than its functional utility. It is observed that the number
of items or components of the buildings do not perform the
needed functions satisfactorily. It creates practical difficulties in
the use of the components. These components include more cost
which is of least use. Therefore, building components should be
such that they meet all the requirements fully neither more, nor
less and that to at the least possible cost. It is a challenge to
all the Indian Architects and Engineers.
The present paper highlights a case study of the class room
building of K. E. Society's Rajarambapu Institute of Technology
situated at Sakharale to demonstrate the application of value
analysis. The superstructure items and interiors of the building are
considered for value analysis. For this analysis, nine member called
as value engineering (V.E.) team was formed. The objective of this
study reported in this paper is to evaluate users' requirements and
finding out unnecessary cost involved in different building items
without affecting the basic function of the item. This analysis
resulted in the total saving of 20.93% of original cost. All the
ideas suggested in this paper can be utilized for other buildings
also.
Value, Value Engineering (VE), Value Analysis, Functions
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NEED OF INTEGRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS IN CONTRACT CONDITIONS FOR HIGHWAY
WORKS - A STUDY
C. VASANTHA, DR. B. GURUPREM, DR. M. VISHWANADHAM
The construction industry is
coming under increasing pressure to make
its activities more environmentally acceptable
good practice on site to preserve our
environment is now usually a high priority
of clients, their professional advisors,
contractors and regulators (CIRIA 1999a).
All Highway projects have unequivocal
effects on the environment whenever
and wherever they are under taken. Large
scale construction going on along highway
has resulted in geological, hydrological
and environmental disturbances. Some
of major environmental impacts of road
projects include damage to sensitive
ecosystems, loss of productive agricultural
lands, resettlement of large numbers of
people, permanent disruption of local
economic activities, demographic change,
accelerated urbanization and introduction
of disease. In the older days the executing
agent was responsible for the construction
of project as per the designs and
specifications of construction items but
not for environmental impacts. Road agencies
have social, economical and environmental
responsibilities to the society beyond
just the escalation of road network. The
study is an effort to initiate integration
of environmental concerns into the contracts.
However, the application of the requirements
is hampered by deficient information transfer
to key actors and a lack of systematic
follow-up of the requirements. In order
to make green procurement effective,
simpler and clearer requirements and effective
follow-up routines are needed. A clear
idea of the study is important to define
the area within which impacts must be
considered. The area to study is large
enough to include all valued environmental
impacts that might be significantly affected
by the project.
Implementation of Environmental
requirements can be ensured by either
attaching the EA report as legal condition
to all Contract documents or by preparing
a set of environmental clauses to be
placed directly into the contract
documentation.
Contracts, FIDIC, Special
conditions, Impacts, Bid document, planning,
Specifications, Clauses.
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EVALUATION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS BY EARNED VALUE ANALYSIS
Prof. Dilip A. Patel, Dr. C. D. Modhera
Controlling of project is the important phase
of any kind of project. Project cost control
aims at controlling changes to the project
budget. It provides management with cost
related information for making decisions with
a view to complete the project with specified
quality, on time and within budgeted costs.
This information, extracted from performance
data and other sources, is used to minimize
waste, update current budget estimates
forecast cost trends, and make decision about
the future. In this paper authors use Earned
Value Concept (EVC) method to study and
review the performance of two big
construction projects going on at the
S. V. National Institute of Technology
(SVNIT), Surat campus. Moreover, both
projects are compared by their variances and
indexes and try to know the factors directly
affecting their performance.
Earned Value Concept (EVC),
Earned Value Analysis (EVA), Earned Value,
Budgeted Cost, Actual Cost(AC), Cost
Variance(CV), Schedule Variance(SV), Cost
Performance Index(CPI), Schedule
Performance Index(SPI).
Research & Publications Department 