Challenges for Implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in Affordable Mass Housing Projects
Hindavi Tikate and Avirag Bajpai
Housing is one of the physiological needs of human beings, and simultaneously, it is a big concern for an individual to get on time and at a reasonable price. In the Indian scenario, the need and importance of sustainable mass housing development projects have been discussed for decades but not efficiently implemented by the government. This implementation was not done due to the ineffective utilization of construction resources and technological advancement. To address the urban housing shortage, the Indian government has set a goal of constructing 115 lakh houses for the economically weaker section by 2022. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an integrated process to enhance coordination among all stakeholders and efficiently improve the utilization of resources. Before putting BIM into practice in affordable housing projects, analyzing the challenges for its implementation is required. In this paper, eleven critical challenges are identified from the literature and input taken from field experts. The identified challenges are ranked and further prioritized using MCDM (Multi-criteria decisionmaking) method. This work is targeted to focus the construction professionals on implementing BIM in affordable mass housing projects.
Affordable Housing; Challenges; Information Modeling; Mass Construction; Multi-Criteria; Decision-Making
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Research Articles
Ranking of Smart Cities by Evaluating Quality of Life Using TOPSIS Method
Anand Prakash, Sudhir Ambekar, Dipayan Roy, Amit Hiray and Jeetu Soneji
The purpose of this paper is to review the important multi-facet features of smart cities for ensuring quality of life which are predominant in these projects to rank them. A literature survey of peer-reviewed journal articles is used for finalizing featured items for quality of life in smart cities. Further, one of the various multi-criteria decisionmaking methods named as “Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution” (TOPSIS) has been used to rank the participating smart cities. The findings derived from evaluation of the published peer-reviewed journal articles led to the identification of fifteen different aspects for quality of life in smart cities in India. The TOPSIS method ranked the participating smart cities. The limitation of this study is that a larger sample size for smart cities and more aspects of quality of life can give more rigorous ranking. This study can be helpful to many stakeholders to take a call on their informed decisions. Such stakeholders can be citizens, potential new inhabitants, senior citizens, students, potential investors, etc. This study can be helpful to city government, and state & central governments to develop their strategies based on ranking of smart cities.
MCDM; TOPSIS; Smart City; Quality of Life
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Research Articles
An Empirical Study on Viability of Using Smart Contracts in Indian Built Environment
Vikas Prasad
Built environment comprises construction of a building, industrial and infrastructure projects and circumvent different types of services and improvements as needed by the humans present in this environment. Oxford describes built environment as “man-made structures, features, and facilities viewed collectively as an environment in which people live and work”. A set of activities in the built environment is accomplished through outsourcing of work to a collaborative team comprising of client, contractors, architects, planners, consultants, vendors, suppliers, etc. which varies depending upon the size and complexity of the project or work. Latest MOSPI November 2020 statistics shows 1671 Indian infrastructure projects worth INR 2.12 Million requires an anticipated cost of INR 2.55 Million to complete, which is 20.49% up the original cost. The reasons cited for this cost overrun includes arbitration, change in scope, contractual causes among others. Past research done by the author suggests Distributed ledger technology (popularly known as Blockchain) based smart contracts could be of immense use for such types of issues as it can be managed by self executable contracts in the form of computer programs which are indelible, immutable and secured. Distributed ledger technology has proven its use in Insurance, Finance, Manufacturing and Healthcare industry; but its use in built environment has always raised eyebrow of practitioners. The major reason cited most commonly is its viability in an unorganized built environment. Author has performed literature review on more than 30 research papers to claim that smart contracts could be the best option in built environment to save project time and cost overrun. This paper is a continuation of the literature review where the author has conducted a questionnaire survey on use of smart contracts in the built environment. This research will help the readers understand statistically about absorption of smart contracts in Indian built environment.
Built Environment; Blockchain; Smart Contracts; Permissioned Blockchain; Permissionless; Blockchain
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Research Articles
Performance of Concrete with Demolished Concrete as Coarse Aggregate on Strength, Durability and Fire Resistance
S. K. Singh Gaur and Sunil Kumar
This study analyses the suitability of demolished concrete as coarse aggregate by comparing the strength, durability and fire resistance of three different mixes MC-1, MC-2, MC-3, with 20% , 40% and 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate, for a constant water cement ratio (W/C) of 0.45 and a slump of 100 ±20 mm, with mix M-1 made with natural aggregates (NA) and having a design mix ratio of 1:1.76:2.28 as per IS 10262. It is observed that almost same strength and durability as that of mix M-1, is obtained by mix MC-1 with 20% replacement of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) by recycled coarse aggregate (RCA). Whereas mix MC-2(40% RCA) has achieved the target strength but strength and durability reduces as the percentage of RCA is increased beyond 40%.Recycled aggregate concrete up to 40% replacement of NCA with RCA has got almost same resistance to severe weathering environment of 10000 ppm MgSO4 solution at an age of 120 days curing in this solution. Residual compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) at elevated temperatures was satisfactory and comparable with the control mix.
Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA); Natural Aggregate (NA); Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA); Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC); Natural Aggregate Concrete (NAC); B.I.S. Bureau of Indian Standards; Water Ratio (W/C); Polycarboxylate Ether
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Research Articles
Delay Analysis in Infrastructure Projects A Case Study of Delay Analysis on New Pune Airport
Priyanshi Patidar and Jonardan Koner
This study identifies the causes of delay in airport projects. Pune is a developing city and has further opportunities in terms of infrastructure development, technological advancements, employment opportunities, and as a growing IT hub it requires more domestic and international connectivity. The existing Pune Airport is Military airbase and also serves to the passenger. The study involves analysis on causes of delay of various airport projects and intended to identify the various factors that could potentially contribute to delay of projects and possible methods of resolving the conflicts that have been aroused. The greenfield projects require a lot of planning in terms of land acquisition, site location, design approvals and finance management. Various studies from developed and developing countries have been done on different airport projects, The study revealed that most likely delays occurred in infrastructure projects are due to land acquisition issues in greenfield projects resulting in the noncommencement of the project, delays due to design modifications, environmental clearance and various approvals from different authorities, and in India it has been identified that most likely airport projects got delayed due to privatization and political issues. This research discusses about the mitigation strategies which have been adopted to complete the project on time.
Greenfield Development; Land Acquisition; Privatization; Mitigation Strategies; Developed and Developing Countries
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Research Articles
Job Safety Assessment of Building Construction
Shabnam Shaikh and M. P. Kadam
In the field of construction, there have been many injuries and accidents compared to other industries. So it is extremely important to reduce accidents and identify the risks in construction. This study aims to rank the risks in the construction process. This was accomplished by assessing the frequency and severity of accidents related to the most common hazards at construction sites. The data for this study were collected by visiting different sites and conducting a survey. Different safety professionals and in-chargers including safety managers, safety officers, and safety experts were randomly selected for the survey. The responses were noted and statistically assessed. The results of this study can help construction firms and hierarchical managements develop appropriate safety plans, safety training programmes and spread awareness among all stakeholders on construction sites.
A Case Study on Lucknow Metro: An Efficient Transportation
Prashant Mishra and Jonardan Koner
India has recently made significant investments in public transit services in order to fuel urban infrastructure development in India. A significant portion of the investment would go into expanding India's metro rail system. It not only alters the traffic flow pattern, but it is also an efficient and smart way of using land. Various studies have already shown this. Also such projects draws construction investors. The launch of the Lucknow metro is expected to have a significant impact on the existing urban transport system and traffic, especially along the metro corridor. In areas where construction already occurs, this necessitates a shift in activity patterns and land-use transformations. According to preliminary data, demand for commercial properties is increasing parallelly with the development of metro network, rising land prices in the area and also introducing positive land-use improvements that will generate revenue for the government in a variety of ways. However, historical evidence indicates that such scenarios result in more unplanned development. Furthermore, there are many ways in which the metro impacts environmental, climatic, fiscal, and psychological changes in society. As a result, the aim of this research is to paint an image of all the positive effects brought about by the launch of metro rail in Lucknow.
Metro Rail System; Metro Corridor; LMRC; Cost; Impact
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Research Articles
Planning for the Indian Steel Cities: Spatial and Administrative Framework
Parikhit Biswas
Initiated with 2nd fifth year plan Indian Steel Cities have experienced a rapid development at starting. After 2000s it started to experience a steady declination due to various national and international socio economic and market related issues. Thus, to tackle it a revitalization project needs to be implemented. A revitalization project, by virtue of its nature consists of two aspects i.e. planning and project management. As a revitalization project includes huge resources and its dynamic nature, it needs a proper structured management plan for effective utilization. The study has tried to establish a planning and administrative framework which is useful to properly implement and monitor the revitalization project. Involvement of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), phasing of project are included in methodology. Empirical relation between resources and project phase completion status imparts the way of future monitoring. Stakeholder's involvement through expert's opinion and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) have moulded the framework. Study shows participation of Planning and designing to the development project is having the largest contribution. Also, Land development proves itself to be the key element from where most critical issues have the chance to evolve during the project. Phasing also provides a guideline showing the interdependency of the stages which can further be used for better outcome and to tackle dynamic nature of the project. Study provides the iterative path of future analysis based on expert's perception and administrative input.
Revitalization; Steel City; Framework; Planning; Development
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Research Articles
A Case Study on Delay Analysis of Bandra-Worli Sea Link
Ayushi Shah and Jonardan Koner
Bandra-Worli Sea Link (BWSL) (Also called Rajiv Gandhi Sea Link) is a famous eight lane cable stayed bridge admiring the arc of Mumbai's coastline. This project was assigned under the Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC) and the Hindustan Construction Company was the contractor. This project was started in 2000 but it got delayed by 5 years. The first four lanes of the bridge were opened on 30th June, 2009. All lanes were opened on 24th March, 2010 and the total cost of the project is 1634 crores. The main aim of this paper is to understand this construction project in a better way and to find out most significant factors causing delays in Indian Infrastructure projects through case study of Bandra-Worli Sea Link (BWSL).It involves all the necessary information of Planning and Structure of the project. The benefits of this project like, considerable savings in travel time, reduction in accidents and traffic on existing roads are also mentioned. The challenges faced during the construction like, Opposition from fisherman community who resided nearby, construction challenges, technology challenges, location challenges, engineering challenges and the causes of delays like poor project management, changes in design, stoppage of work etc. are involved in this paper.
Delay; Project Management; Challenges; Bandra-Worli Sea Link; Dar Consultants
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A Case Study on Demand Forecasting for Real Estate Units in India: Integrated Housing
Nikita Misal and Jonardan Koner
An Integrated Township is a self-sustaining township that provides all of the amenities and facilities that a fully equipped Township needs (residential, commercial, recreational, public, and so on). "Housing schemes in public-private cooperation to provide affordable housing to diverse parts of society in urban regions of the State" is how Integrated Townships are defined. An integrated township is a self-sustaining township that is mostly begun by private developers to provide in advance the amenities and services (residential, economic, recreational, public, etc.) that a fully groomed municipality requires. FDI in the same sector has created the path for foreign corporations to enter the local real estate market, making competition fierce and highly competitive. For many metropolitan cities today, which are in a state of chaos due to a variety of issues, including population growth, movement of people from rural to urban regions, rising housing demand, and other issues, integrated township development is the way to go. The study's goal is to look into the creation of an integrated township and weigh the benefits and drawbacks, provide an overview of the topic and discuss the study's objectives. Further, delve into urbanization's factors and their impact on housing conditions. And bring light on the broad view of the real estate scenario as it exists in India. Discuss some of the challenges that affect the entire business scenario as well as the real estate market. In the contemporary real estate scenario, an integrated township cannot be regarded in isolation and discuss the laws and regulations and the need for an integrated township. Support with the help of case studies, and provide an overview of the research's scope as well as its ramifications for urban conglomeration. Finally, conclude with some guidelines for the establishment of integrated townships based on the analysis and evaluation of the case studies.
Integrated Housing; Demand Forecasting; Real Estate; Self-Sustaining;Township
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Research Articles
Cost and Time Overrun in Bandra-Worli Sea Link Project
Merin Mariam Thomas and Jonardan Koner
The Bandra-Worli Sea Link is an infrastructure marvel that has significantly reduced traffic congestion in Mumbai. The 5.6-km-long, eight-lane Bandra-Worli Sea Link (BWSL), which is now been called the Rajiv Gandhi Sea Link, was India's first bridge to be built in open-sea conditions. The Bandra Worli Sea Link project connects Bandra, a western suburb, with Worli, the central part of Mumbai, India's financial hub and the state capital of Maharastra. Construction of a flyover, cloverleaf interchange, access road upgrade, and cable stayed bridge is all part of the project's scope. The Maharashtra government entrusted this project to Maharashtra State Road Development Limited (MSRDC), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Maharashtra government. For a 40-year period, the MSRDC was given toll collection rights on the Sea Link Bridge under the build, run, and move (BOT) model. The project's projected cost and length is $100 million and three years, respectively. The project started in the year 2000, but cost and time overruns occurred due to public lawsuits, slow contractor performance, a change in consultant, and significant technological design improvements. The complexities were compounded by the fact that the aesthetically constructed pylons had highly complicated geometry and one of the longest spans for a concrete deck. The bridge was built by Hindustan Construction Co Ltd (HCC) and engineered by Dar Consultants of the United Kingdom for Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC).
Time Overrun; Cost Overrun; Bandra-Worli Sea Link; Bandra-Worli Sea Link Bridge; Construction Delays
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